Hypertension Prevalence in the US Population Varies with Differences in Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Genotype: A Cross Sectional Study

Kumbhare, Suchit and Hunt, Kelly J. and Nietert, Paul J. and Schwarz, Laura and Strange, Charlie (2014) Hypertension Prevalence in the US Population Varies with Differences in Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Genotype: A Cross Sectional Study. British Journal of Medicine and Medical Research, 5 (7). pp. 880-888. ISSN 22310614

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Abstract

Background: The prevalence of hypertension (HTN) associated with alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) has been studied with indeterminate results. The aim of the study was to prospectively compare the prevalence of HTN before testing in 3 groups of individuals with subsequently normal, moderately deficient, and severely deficient genotypes of AATD with adjustment for differences in demographics and clinical variables.
Methods: We performed a cross sectional study using data from the Alpha-1 Coded Testing (ACT) study. The univariate demographic and clinical factors associated with HTN were further analyzed by logistic regression analysis.
Results: The prevalence of HTN was 27.2%, 20.6%, and 27.9% for individuals with normal, moderate and severe AATD, respectively (p<0.02). The prevalence of HTN increased with age and an interaction between age, alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency genotype and HTN was identified. The relative risk of HTN among young moderately deficient individuals was 0.53 (95% CI 0.37-0.76) the risk of young PiMM and PiMS (normal genotype) individuals. There was no significant difference in the risk in older moderately deficient individuals 1.02 (95% CI 0.76-1.37) and individuals with severe AATD 1.10 (95% CI 0.71-1.68) when compared to normal genotypes.
Conclusion: Moderate deficiency genotypes (PiMZ, PiSS, PiMNull) have less HTN than normal or severe deficiency genotypes, particularly in young individuals. We speculate that protease inhibitor deficiency over a lifetime allows unopposed proteolysis of vascular connective tissue.Measured comorbidities do not explain these findings. Validation of this data should occur in other AATD cohorts.

Item Type: Article
Subjects: Grantha Library > Medical Science
Depositing User: Unnamed user with email support@granthalibrary.com
Date Deposited: 05 Jul 2023 04:42
Last Modified: 06 Sep 2024 08:13
URI: http://asian.universityeprint.com/id/eprint/1086

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