Causes and Hazards of Perimeter Rock Cavities behind Shield Tunnels

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the reasons for the generation of voids in the surrounding rock behind water transmission shield tunnels and the potential hazards they bring. Firstly, it analyzes in detail the possible causes of cavities from the aspects of geological conditions, construction technology, material properties, etc. On the basis of literature research, the causes and distribution patterns of the perimeter rock cavities behind the water transfer shield tunnels were explored with respect to the locations and sizes of the cavities behind the tube sheets. Secondly, it systematically elaborates the hazards of cavities on tunnels from the aspects of structural stability, use function, operation safety, etc. Finally, it proposes corresponding preventive measures and countermeasures for the problem of cavities. This paper aims to provide valuable reference for the design, construction and operation management of shield tunnels, which is of great theoretical significance and practical value for the safe construction and long-term operation of shield tunnels.