Psychological Burden and Social Stigmatization due to Lymphatic Filariasis in Bunza Local Government Area of Kebbi State, Nigeria

Background: Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is associated with both physical and psychological disability. The psychological burden of disability and stigma was not been given proper attention, to the detriment of those affected in the study area. A systematic assessment of the impact of the disease on social life as well as peoples perception and attitudes towards the disease is important for successful implementation of the control programme and prevention of unnecessary suffering and contribute to reduction of poverty.

Aim: This study aimed at assessing the psychological burden and stigmatization status of lymphatic filariasis in Bunza LGA of Kebbi State. The specific objectives of this exploratory study were to assess the community knowledge, attitude and practices about the cause and impact of the disease on the psychological and socio-economic life of the people.

Methods: This study employed a mixed-methods approach, utilizing both quantitative and qualitative techniques through semi-structured questionnaires and interview schedules to gather data from affected and unaffected individuals in the community.

Results: Of the 400 participants (32 affected, 368 unaffected), 97.5% of respondents would not propose marriage to someone with physical disabilities due to LF, yet 59.0% would not divorce their spouse if they contracted LF after marriage. Most of the community and family members 346 (86.5%) would associate with sufferers. Though stigmatization was minimal the psychological impact was deep as affected individuals felt sad (31.3%), shame (25.0%), abnormal (28.1%) and suicidal, 1(3.1%). Many of them (34.4%) believed that it ruins marriage, destroys sexual relationship with partner (62.5%).

Conclusion and Recommendation: While isolation and stigmatization were found to be minimal, the significant psychological burden underscores the need for comprehensive morbidity management, including mental health support, to alleviate the suffering of affected individuals in the community.