Covid 19-the 21st Century Pandemic: The Novel Coronavirus Outbreak and the Treatment Strategies

COVID-19 a global pandemic that has brought all the greater global countries to a hook. Thenovel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak was first reported in Wuhan, China which thenstarted spreading to different countries around the world. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2) receptors are present in various organs but the overexpression of ACE2 at lung epitheliamakes them more vulnerable to respiratory symptoms. SARS-CoV-2 binds to ACE2 receptorsfor entry into host cells which may serve as potential target for future therapy .Repurposing ofdrugs are the present strategy undertaken as the SARS-CoV-2 shows similar respiratory distresssymptoms as in the case of SARS and MERS. At present the antiviral medications and vaccinesare at the early stages and may take few months to years, to achieve their complete efficacy tosolve the public crisis. The technological advancements have brought passive immunisation,which is an anecdotal success, but the ideal approach to future outbreaks of SARS-CoV-2 isdone by vaccines that are under clinical trials. There are a large percentage of population underpsychological crisis either due to the fear of infection or stress from the quarantine lives. Highlevels of viral loads at the initial stages cause higher chances of transmission hence immediateisolations and screening methods must be undertaken. This review mainly focuses on thetreatment strategies followed with no definitive approval from authorities. This is an attempt togather all the materialistic evidences available for now.